The DreamLand Express - Charles Oppermann's Software Blog

Balloon Timeout and Notification Duration

ChuckOp — Fri, 20 May 2011 18:49:40 GMT

Today I was reading a new post on one of my favorite blogs, The Old New Thing by longtime Microsoft developer Raymond Chen. I got to know Raymond in the waning days of 1994 when we were working on "Chicago", the codename for what would become Windows 95. I was a rookie Program Manager for this new thing called "accessibility" and he was the go-to developer for just about anything in the guts of Windows.

In his blog post today, Raymond discusses balloon notifications in Windows, specifically why applications no longer have control over how long a notification may appear visible. In Windows 2000, an application could call the Shell_NotifyIcon function to display a popup balloon near the taskbar notification area. If you specified a timeout value via the NOTIFYICONDATA.uTimeout member, the value would be used to determine how long to display the notification.

However, starting with Windows Vista, the shell ignores the uTimeout member and instead uses the global message duration value that is set and retrieved using the SystemParametersInfo function, specifically the SPI_GET/SETMESSAGEDURATION value.

The reason for ignoring the application-supplied timeout is so that users can gain more control over their working environment. People with various sensory, cognitive and mobility disorders often request more global configuration settings to help them deal with the tremendous amount of information presented in a graphical user interface. Some examples:

A person with low vision needs more time to read something. Having the message fade out after a few seconds is frustrating. This is true of people with certain reading disorders.
Some cognitive disabilities affect the way people react to information display peripherally. It might take longer for some people who are focused on one area of the screen to react to something displayed in the bottom right corner.
A person using a mouth-stick or other external aid to move the mouse pointer may need more time to move the pointer to the message so that it can be clicked and acted on.

FYI – you don't have to be disabled to have need for these options. There are many situations where otherwise so-called able-bodied people have their vision, perception and mobility affected. I have good vision, but with multiple monitors, I've missed notifications appearing on one display while my attention was focused on another display.

A "timeout" setting was something the accessibility team was pushing for in Windows 95 to give the OS and applications an indication that the user required more time to process things that would otherwise time out. There weren't balloon notifications back then, so it wasn't as urgent. With Windows XP and the explosion of non-modal timed notifications, it became imperative and thus the SPI_SETMESSAGEDURATION setting was incorporated into Windows Vista and exposed in the Ease of Access Center.

The user interface to control the message duration value is contained within a section of the Ease of Access Center:

Click the Start button or press CTRL+ESC
Type "ease" and choose the Ease of Access Center
Choose "Make it easier to focus on tasks"
The option "How long should Windows notification dialog boxes stay open" is towards the bottom of the list

The default value is 5 seconds, and can be set to 7, 15, 30, 60, and 300 seconds (5 minutes).

Some of the commenters on Raymond's posting were concerned that ignorant and/or poorly behaved applications that wish to have their notifications displayed for as long possible would abuse the SPI_SETMESSAGEDURATION value and thus adversely affect all applications.

The reason there is a public API is simply that the Ease of Access Center needs to do it. In addition, Microsoft wishes to enable other accessibility aid vendors the ability to create their own tools to meet the unique needs of their customers. Windows cannot currently segregate vendors and say, "only accessibility aids may touch this setting." If the API is public, then it can be used – and abused – by any application running with the user's permissions.

If a specific application wishes to have a message display for customizable period, then that's up to the application to handle the message display. I hope that this application would query SPI_GETMESSAGEDURATION, become informed of the user's request, and act appropriately.

Mailbag – Flash Player Install and Windows Games – Reversi and Minesweeper

ChuckOp — Tue, 12 Apr 2011 15:14:08 GMT

Nearly every day people come up to me, or email, questions on software. Last night at the Tampa Bay Computer Society, a gentleman was having trouble getting Adobe Flash installed. I went through the installation process and it appeared to work correctly, but going to YouTube, the following message was displayed: "You need to upgrade your Adobe Flash Player to watch this video."

Since I knew the installer had completed without error, I figured that his security tools were causing trouble. We disabled ZoneAlarm and tried again. Same message. Then I checked if any Internet Explorer's Add-ons were interfering. I noticed that "Shockwave Flash Object" was disabled. Presumably, the user had disabled this add-on, and regardless of reinstalling it, it stayed disabled.

The real problem here was that most websites assume that if a particular object didn't load, it's because it wasn't downloaded by the user. With it becoming increasingly easy to disable add-ons, websites should provide more guidance.

Today I got a question in email from one of the TBCS members:

Hi Chuck. . . I love to waste time playing 'minesweeper'. Right now my percent of won games is 8%. Well, I think I've gotten a lot better (HA)! So I'd like to 'reset' this counter. Can you tell me what file I can delete to reset this counter? I know this is a nothing kind of request, but that 8% really is annoying!

Ah Minesweeper. Originally released in 1990 in the Windows Entertainment Pack for Windows 3.0, it was included in Windows 3.1 in 1992. My favorite Windows game was always Reversi, and I was upset that it was dropped in favor of Minesweeper in Windows 3.1. When I started working at Microsoft in 1994, I quickly found the source code to Reversi and kept it around. Windows XP and MSN Games introduced a multiplayer version of Reversi.

Back to Minesweeper and resetting the statistics. I knew that with Windows Vista, all the games got a common interface, and I knew that you could reset the statistics in Solitaire, so I did quick search and was surprised at the tremendous amount of serious interest in Minesweeper. There are entire websites (here, here, and a wiki) devoted to playing Minesweeper effectively.

I was able to point the user to the "Reset Statistics" button in the game, and she was grateful for the guidance. The lesson I learned in all this was that no matter the subject matter, the internet allows for people who love something (in this case a game), to meet and exchange information.

My Favorite Keyboards: The IBM Model M and the Microsoft Natural Keyboard

ChuckOp — Mon, 04 Apr 2011 15:47:27 GMT

[Update 2011-04-04: Added links to Coding Horror articles]

As a long time computer user, software developer and observer of the personal computer revolution, I've been exposed to many different pieces of hardware. At my new job, I brought in my trusted Microsoft Natural Keyboard and one of the executives made note of it as it was his favorite keyboard as well.

The Early Years

The early years of the personal computer revolution were notable for many whacky keyboards that were available. Each new computer design had their own way of doing things – layouts were not standardized, and each manufacturer had different ideas about the size and feel of the keys. Notable were the Commodore Pet, the TRS-80 Color Computer Chiclet keyboard (which I used for many years), and the original Apple Macintosh M0110 keyboard, which didn't include arrow keys.

Even IBM, with its long history of typewriters, word processors and computer terminals was not above ignoring its collective history regarding keyboards. The original IBM PC keyboard departed from IBM's experience with its lousy vertical ENTER key and oddly sized SHIFT keys. The IBM PCjr keyboard used an Infrared Chiclet keyboard.

The IBM Model M

But IBM redeemed itself with the famous IBM Model M keyboard. Originally shipped with the IBM PC-AT in 1984, this keyboard was very popular with computer users throughout the late 1980's and 1990's. It was very solid, had a long coiled cord, and a distinctive sound – though loud by today's standards.

I didn't own a Model M keyboard until 2000, but I did have for a few years one of its variants, the space-saving model that shipped with the IBM PS/2 Model 25. This was the first PC I owned, purchased in early 1988. This keyboard didn't include a number-pad and saved space by being narrower. By 1991, I had sold that computer and keyboard. However, in 2000, I bought a used IBM PS/2 Model 25 off eBay, and to my pleasant surprise it came with a full-sized Model M keyboard.

The Microsoft Natural Keyboards

However, in the 1990's, I fell in love with another keyboard – the Microsoft Natural Keyboard. When I started working at Microsoft in 1994, everyone was given these keyboards with their computers. They also sold in the company store for a greatly reduced price. I purchased a couple of these keyboards to use at home.

It was one of the first keyboards to support the new Windows and context menu keys. It was comfortable, solidly built, and worked very well.

I had learned touch typing in high school (very glad I took that class) and it had always served me well. But the Natural Keyboard exposed a flaw in my touch typing. I had a habit of using my left index finger to press the Y key, but that didn't work well with the Microsoft keyboard.

As a "natural" keyboard, it is split down the middle; with the T/G/B keys on the left separated by an inch or so from the Y/H/N keys on the right.

So, the Y key was too far away or my left index to reach. I quickly got used to this, and began to appreciate a curved keyboard versus a straight keyboard, which tends to force your wrists to bend at an angle, which can cause repetitive strain injuries.

Microsoft Keyboard Missteps

To counter the perception that the keyboard was too large, Microsoft came out with a smaller version, the Natural Keyboard Elite in 1998. To save space, the design modified the size and layout of the cursor keys along with the positions of the Insert/Delete, Home/End and Page Up/Page Down keys. Traditionally with 101-key keyboards, there were two rows of three keys; Insert, Home, and Page Up on the first row, with Delete, End, and Page Down on the second row.

The Natural Keyboard Elite instead used three rows, with the Home and Page Up keys on top, End and Page Down in the middle and Delete and Insert on the bottom row. Instead of the inverted-T arrangement of the cursor keys, a diamond shape layout was used. The cursor pad keys were also smaller. I remember not liking the Elite version of the keyboard and avoiding it.

Thou Shalt Not…
Keyboarding

The Natural Keyboard Pro

Then Microsoft did something wonderful and in 1999 came out with the Natural Keyboard Pro model. This keyboard restored the original placement of the cursor pad keys, with the original size, and added a number of buttons along the top to invoke features within Windows. In addition, the Natural Keyboard Pro supported PS/2 and USB connections, even including two USB ports in the back.

I still have an OEM version of the Microsoft Natural Keyboard Pro sold by Dell. It has beige application buttons and doesn't have a PS/2 connector, only USB. The Calculator button is renamed to Dell.com.

I have a collection of these keyboards now – all but one in working condition. The plastic has yellowed slightly due to ultra-violet (UV) exposure, but not as bad as some other hardware I have. I'm typing this blog post on one that is nearly 15 years old, but after a recent cleaning, looks great and works perfectly.

Cleaning Your Keyboard

Cleaning the Microsoft Natural Keyboards is easy. While some people claim you can throw a keyboard into a dish washer to remedy a liquid spill, I personally don't recommend this.

I've spilled water, tea, and more than one Coke-cola into my various keyboards.

If you ever spill something on your keyboard, the first thing you should do is flip it over to prevent the liquid from seeping in via gravity. Disconnect it and blot up as much excess liquid as you can. Get a bowl and fill it with warm soapy water. Remove the key caps and place them in the soapy water to soak. Continue to blot up excess liquid.

I prefer to disassemble the keyboard to clean it, removing as many pieces as possible and cleaning each one with an alcohol-based cleaning solution. After the keys have soaked for a while, pour out the soapy water and thoroughly rinse the key caps and drain out the excess water. Lay out the keys on a towel and let them dry before putting them back on.

It's amazing how much junk gets into keyboards – eyelashes, dead skin, ear wax, you name it. Use a Q-tip swab soaked in alcohol to clean the channels between the rows. Compressed air is also helpful to blow out some of the debris.

What are your keyboard experiences? Any horror stories or particularly memorable keyboards you've used? Do share!

HTML Email Oddities with Outlook 2010 Part I: Automatically Detect Language

ChuckOp — Mon, 12 Apr 2010 16:06:00 GMT

Two days in a row I’ve had to hunt down strange issues with HTML formatted emails created with Microsoft Outlook 2010 beta.

The first involved a reply to a mailing list. For some strange reason, my reply was encoded using the ISO-2022-JP character set. The message I was replying to was encoded as US-ASCII, but for some reason, Outlook and/or Word changed the Normal style to be Japanese instead of English. I have no idea how that happened for that particular message.

I discovered the problem after a user wrote to me and said that my several of messages contained garbage characters at characters outside the ASCII range. Curly quotes, etc.

Word was correctly decoding the ISO-2022-JP character set, and anyone who had a email program that understood the character set didn’t notice any problems. However older email programs had issues and even the user said later that my messages prompted her to download the Japanese language font pack for Internet Explorer and Outlook Express on Windows XP.

I narrowed it down to a particular mailing list thread. After replying to a message, all my messages and some from other users on the same thread had the Japanese encoding.

Going back to the original message, I used the Style Inspector and Reveal Formatting features of Microsoft Word to figure out that it was the Normal style that was adding the Japanese encoding. However, changing the language for the Normal style did not remove “(Asian) Japanese” from the style specification. It just added “(other) English (U.S.)”.

I verified that Normal.dot and NormalEmail.dot are correct. It’s just this particular message.

I suspect that Word’s “Detect language automatically” option kicked in somehow and changed the proofing language to Japanese.

If you have had a similar issue, let me know.

Resources:

Microsoft Word Product Team Blog - Posts tagged with 'Style'

Style Basics In Word

Fixing Windows 7 Help and Support

ChuckOp — Thu, 08 Apr 2010 23:26:06 GMT

For the past few months I noticed that Windows 7 Help and Support feature wasn’t working correctly. Pressing WIN+F1 or choosing “Help and Support” from the Start menu would open a window, but the help contents weren’t there. Searching for a topic wouldn’t work either.

The text would display “__elbasuser__” in several places. I narrowed the problem down to using the offline help option. Choosing online help would display the correct help content, but the problem still nagged me.

After much searching on the internet, I found a solution. Apparently when the Broadcom Bluetooth software is installed, it corrupts Windows Help.

The solution is to delete a registry key. Under the following key:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Assistance\Client\1.0\Namespaces\OEM\en-US\Titles

Remove the following subkey:

"BRCM_Bluetooth_Help"

Restart Help and Support and you should be set.

Apple Mouse Marks Mighty Change

ChuckOp — Wed, 17 Aug 2005 17:28:00 GMT

Various pundits want to proclaim Apple's new multi-button mouse as a major departure and admission that clean design (in the form of a one-button can't be screwed up manner) isn't always acceptable to the consumer.

Recall that the original Macintosh keyboard did not have cursor keys. The original vision was to have the mouse perform all functions, while the keyboard was solely for text input. Steve Jobs and Macintosh team wanted to force people into using the mouse for all operations, even scrolling pages of text.

After several months, Apple realized their folly and made a keyboard with a number pad and cursor keys. I don't know if that was introduced along with the "Fat Mac" in October 1984 or was slipstreamed into the Macintosh production line. I know that it hard to get one of those original keyboards. I am looking for one by the way!

Review: Apple Mouse Marks Mighty Change - Yahoo! News

MSN Desktop Search

ChuckOp — Thu, 30 Jun 2005 05:51:00 GMT

I've been using the latest MSN Desktop Search with the MSN Toolbar. The latest version adds tabbed browsing to Internet Explorer, but I turned it off. Similar to when I spent several weeks with Firefox, I just didn't feel comfortable with the tabs. I'm just too used to ALT+TAB and ALT+F4 to navigate. I know CTRL+TAB and CTRL+F4 will do the same, but why bother?

Anyway, the Desktop Search is excellent and I've loaded up many more IFilters to expand it's capabilities.

I'm wondering if a IFilter exists for browser history and the registry - although I don't know if search UI would be able to take advantage of them. More details to come.

Good mailing list for Active Directory Programming

ChuckOp — Wed, 13 Apr 2005 15:08:00 GMT

Carlos Magalhaes has been quietly running a fine mailing list for developers working with Active Directory and related technologies. ADSI or the .NET System.DirectoryServices libraries are covered and there is excellent response time and good discussion.

Join here:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ADSIANDDirectoryServices/

Microsoft Windows Internals Review

ChuckOp — Wed, 06 Apr 2005 16:10:00 GMT

I’ve always been a bit twiddler – whether it’s doing machine code on an 8-bit RCA COSMAC microprocessor or writing 16-bit drivers for Windows 3.1 or doing Windows Server 2003 storage related development, I’ve never shied away from getting into the meat of the system.

In 1992, I got “Inside Windows NT” by Helen Custer to discover how Windows NT was structured. I purchased at least one of the other editions as well, authored by David Solomon and Mark Russinovich. The fourth edition has a new name, “Windows Internals, fourth edition”

Solomon and Russinovich are well known for their knowledge of how Windows works deep under the covers. Russinovich produces a number of very cool tools, many of them free at his Sysinternals web site.

http://www.sysinternals.com/

This book does not cover the Win32 API or the .NET Framework. It does cover the kernel, memory management, I/O sub-system including ACPI and Plug and Play, and storage. The fourth edition covers low-level changes in Windows XP and Windows Server 2003.

This is not a book with coding examples. However, its best feature is the great number of sidebars with various “experiments” you can do, often featuring unique ways of using the Sysinternals tools. While I normally I do not care about memory management, it was fascinating to read how sophisticated the Windows kernel is.

While obviously system level developers will gain the most benefit from this book, there is a ton of information for IT professionals as well – particularly for system performance tuning. I was able to use the information regarding Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) in my current project. Sadly, the final chapter, on Crash Dump analysis, seems incomplete and ends rather abruptly. Being a Microsoft Press author myself, I wonder if schedule pressures were involved.

The book published by Microsoft Press (ISBN 0735619174) and is available from Amazon.com at:
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0735619174/

Twisted Podcasting?

ChuckOp — Fri, 01 Apr 2005 17:05:00 GMT

Arik Korman, director for my buddy Bob's radio show has started a Podcasting blog. Arik is a fascinating person, and he infuses his podcast with the same production skills that has helped make the Bob Rivers Show top-rated in the Seattle market.

The first 'cast is nearly 17 minutes long, and I haven't finished listening to it yet, but it's got my interest. Check it out at:

Firefox Prefetching Google Search Results

ChuckOp — Fri, 01 Apr 2005 15:53:00 GMT

Google is taking advantage of a feature of the Mozilla open-source to prefetch the top search result. So, if you search on something, the pages referenced in the first result will be loaded in the background.

Details at Google, GoogleBlog and Slashdot with an FAQ on the feature here.

When I found out about this feature, I had several reactions. The first was "Cool!" Google has always done a lot to take advantage of client-side, user agent features, such as the keyboard support I helped build into Internet Explorer 3.0 and 4.0/4.01.

Another reaction was "Uh oh!" I was worried that Google's implementation would be specific to Firefox and Mozilla browsers. I'm a veteran of the original browser wars and remember Netscape trying to push the LAYER tag in the W3C HTML working group instead of using CSS positioning. I worried that Mozilla might have created some PREFETCH tag or attribute. In actuality, a few years ago, the Mozilla project added the Prefetch relation type to the LINK tag. Google gives the following example if searching on "Standford" and the first result is Standford University. In the results page, the following text would be located in the HTML source code:

The purpose of the the REL attribute of the LINK element is to specify a relationship from the current page, to the linked page. There are several link types defined. The classic example is to give hints to navigation, such as specifying the next and previous pages in sequence. I'll leave it to the HTML purists to debate whether or not prefetching is an acceptable use of the LINK element. Personally, I think it's better to use a link type than to define a new element, or adding an PREFETCH attribute to the A element.

Finally, what I find amusing is the double-standard with regard to Mozilla vs. Microsoft. Imagine the reaction of the Slashdot crowd if Microsoft had implemented this feature and got MSN Search to take advantage of it. Oh, there would cries of colusion, and new calls for an anti-trust investigation. I wonder if the next version of IE will support this feature.

Interestingly enough, Google apparently does not serve up the PREFETCH link type when using Internet Explorer. It's possible that that Google is looking at the user agent string and serving up customized HTML to the browser. This is unfortunate in this case because it'll require Google to change it's logic when other browsers support the feature. Once again, imagine if MSN Search only provided this feature to Internet Explorer.

While I think of prefetching as a generally good idea, it's not without it's problems. The prefetch page will be obtained regardless if you actually view it or not. It may leave cookies and temporary files on your machine. Your internet service provider (or IT department at work) will record that your computer accessed this page. Imagine if you are doing research on sensitive subjects and the search result is objectionable to you, or your employer, then you'll might have to explain that you didn't actually visit the site in question.

Mozilla will add X-moz:prefetch as a header to the HTTP request, so the web server knows that it's a prefetch, but the ISP and web server logs don't currently record this.

This feature isn't enough to move me to Firefox (which I have tried before), and if the feature proves useful, I'm sure that the next major version of Internet Explorer will support it. Anyone got an opinion about this?

Bill Gates' Think Week - An inside view

ChuckOp — Mon, 28 Mar 2005 22:05:00 GMT

Robert Guth of the Wall Street Journal has a fascinating article on Bill Gates’ twice-yearly solo retreats, known inside the company as “Think Week”.

During Think Week, Bill goes off by himself to small cottage armed with a collection of ideas from Microsoft employees in the form of research papers. I remember my boss at Microsoft asking me to submit my own papers a few times, but I don’t recall that I ever did. However, I remember reviewing material that my team was sending.

I’ve always loved the idea of a Think Week, so much so that I called a brief trip last August to a friend’s cabin my “Think Week-end”.

Does anyone do a solo vacation, without family or friends – to catch up on reading or just to think?

Grammar check article on Slashdot

ChuckOp — Mon, 28 Mar 2005 21:39:00 GMT

I submitted an article to Slashdot today and it was accepted! Within a few hours, it collected over 200 comments.

My submission was based on an above-the-fold, front-page article in today's Seattle Post-Intelligencer on a marketing professor's attempt to get Microsoft to improve the grammar checker found in Microsoft Word.

Personally, I'm a huge fan of the grammar checker. I use Microsoft Word to edit my e-mail messages and have the grammar checker flagging grammar and style. The only options I have turned off are "Use of first person", "Passive Sentences", and "Contractions". I wish I could use the editor for these blogging posts (I know I can via various tools, but it's slows down the process and I blog less often).

Todd Bishop of the Seattle PI also blogged about it as well as including a humorous graphic.

Create New Folder in Explorer – why not easier?

ChuckOp — Wed, 23 Mar 2005 17:46:00 GMT

Since I started working with the Windows Explorer shell in Windows 95, I’ve often wondered why there isn’t a “New Folder” toolbar button.

Today, I was organizing some files and dragging-and-dropping them to other folders and occasionally, in the middle of a drag operation, realized that I needed to create the destination folder first.

The way sub-folders are created is currently a click, right-click, hover, and click process. Click once to put focus into the file area of the folder you want to be the container for the new folder. Right-click for the Properties menu, hover over New and then click Folder. Then type the name of the new folder.

The shell-provided file Save As common dialog has a new folder button on its limited toolbar. So why isn’t there one for Windows Explorer? Actually, I know the reason for that, at least what the usability people would say – that’s it would contribute to UI bloat. Nevertheless even things like the Full Screen option have a button and its functionality is even easier to get to; press F11.

Ideally, the context menu would have a new folder item as well. That way can scroll the folder tree to the destination folder, right click on it, choose New Folder and type in the new name. You wouldn’t have to navigate back to the source folder and the original method would stay valid.

I’m sure someone has written a shell extension to do this already. Does anyone have a pointer to an existing package?

Windows Media Player not adding albums to media library

ChuckOp — Fri, 18 Mar 2005 19:05:00 GMT

Have been moving my music collection around and noticed that nearly half of the files didn't get added to the media library when monitoring the folder, or manually scanning it.

After investigating for awhile, I discovered that folders marked with the System attribute were being ignored by the media library. I guess this is understandable, but left me with two questions: First, how did only certain folders get this attribute set. Secondly, how do I go about changing it?

About 130 of 410 total folders had the System attribute set. I don't know exactly how it got set, but it may have something to do with the folders being stored temporary on a Samba-based file share.

My first though was to type attrib -s *. /s /d

However, while *. should match only files without extensions (which includes directories), attrib matches all files when given the *. wildcard pattern. I was worried that the various WMP related files such as AlbumArt* and Folder.jpg and Thumbs.db would also lose their System attribute.

Executing the attrib command above did attempt to reset those files as well, but since they are also marked with the Hidden attribute, and error was presented and attrib moved on.

What I learned was that with Windows Media Player version 10, the media library will not automatically add folders that are marked with the System attribute. If you are having problems getting artists or albums to import correctly into the media library, check the System attributes.