How to build a simple ASP.Net application with C# and Entity Framework
In this post I will show you a step by step example on how to build
an ASP.NET application with C# and Entity Framework. First let’s try to
define what EF is and why it is going to help us to create easily
data-centric applications.Entity Framework is an object-relational
mapping (ORM) framework for the .NET Framework.EF addresses the problem
of Object-relational impedance mismatch.
I will not be talking about that mismatch because it is well documented
in many sites on the Internet. Through that framework we can program
against a conceptual application model instead of programming directly
against a relational schema-model. By doing so we can decrease the
amount of code we do write to access a data storage and thus decrease
maintenance time.
ADO.NET Entity Framework (EF) is included with .NET Framework 3.5 Service Pack 1 and Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1
So you must donwload and have this software installed if you want to follow along.
It is not going to be a very difficult example. I will just bring
data from a entity model to a gridview control and then give the user a
way to filter that data.
There are many new enhancements regarding EF in VS 2010 and .Net
.4.0 framework. I will not be talking about that since these
enhancements are brand new and I am currently looking into them. I will
just mention model-first development. This feature allows you to create
your entity data model from scratch and then generate a database from
it!!! We will do the opposite in this example.
Obviously for this example we will need a database. I will use the
Pubs database. This is a well known database and many people are
familiar with its schema.You can download the Pubs database from this link. If you need some help on how to install the database have a look here .
I have installed SQL Server 2008 Standard edition in my PC. SQL
Server 2008/2005 Express editions will work just fine.You can download
SQL Server 2008 Express edition from this link. I have attached the Pubs database in my local instance of the SQL Server.
Let’s start out project.
1) Launch Visual studio 2008
2) Create a new Project and from the available templates choose “ASP.Net web application”
3) Choose C# as your language of development and save your project
in your hard drive with a name e.g “EFWebApplication” and click “OK”.
4) Click on the Solutions Explorer and open the Default.aspx page.
5) From the Toolbox drag and drop on the page , a Gridview control, a Textbox control and Button control. Leave the default names.
6) From the Toolbox drag and drop a EntityDatasource control on the page.
7) Choose the data source of the gridview control to be the EntityDatasource1 object.
8) Now we are ready to create our entity model. Right – click on your project from the Solutions Explorer window and Add a new Item. From the availble templates choose ADO.NET Entity data model. Give it the name Pubs.edmx and click the Add button.
9) In the Entity data model wizard window choose Generate from database and click Next .
10) Click New Connection, choose the Server name and from the databases your Pubs database is attached and then connect to the Pubs database and test your connection and click OK
11) If you notice you will see that there is something called Entity connection string and looks like this
metadata=res://*/Pubs.csdl|res://*/Pubs.ssdl|res://*/Pubs.msl;
provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider
connection string=”Data Source=FOFO-PC;
Initial Catalog=pubs;Integrated
Security=True”
The connection string used by the Entity Framework contains not only
the database connection string, but a metadata parameter with pointers
to three mapping files separated by a pipe character.These mapping
files will be generated when we finish this wizard.
12) Click Next on your wizard window and from the databases objects available choose Tables and more specifically the Titles, Authors and TitleAuthor tables. Leave the Model namespace as pubsModel and click Finish.
13) Our new Pubs.edmx file called is created and
all the entities are generated which are basically classes derived from
the data model . Have a look at the picture below to see the Entity
model in the Designer window. You can zoom in and zoom out using the
appropriate buttons.
14) Have a look at the Mapping details of each entity type (Authors,
Titles, TitleAuthor). You can change if you want the property names
for a particular entity type. For example you can change au_lname to lastname
of the Authors entity type. You can also change the names of the entity
types and singularise them in a way so they resemble more like a class
name. Change Authors to Author and Titles to Title from the Designer.
15) Go to your default.aspx page and click on the EntityDatasource object and hit the option Configure Data Source. In the window that appears choose Named Connection and select the PubsEntities that will apear in the drop-down and hit the Next button.
16) In the next step from the EntitySetName select authors. Select all fields and and enable automatic inserts,updates,deletes and hit the Finish button.
17) In your gridview control enable paging,sorting,editing,deleting and selection.
18) Build and run your application and see the records in your web page. Try to sort,edit, delete records. Well done!!!!
19) Let’s give the ability to the user to apply a filter to the data
by typing something to the textbox and return only the relevant
data.Choose your EntityDatasource object and from the Properties window select Where. Click on the “…” to launch the Expression editor window.
20) We will create an expression to use it as a filter(e.g filter
the records by city name). The expression could be something like this
it.city=@city OR @city IS NULL
This expression above is written in Entity SQL which is T-SQL like syntax.
Click the Add Parameter button and under name write “city” and the value will be a control, so from the Parameter Source select Control and from the ControlID your textbox control (e.g TextBox1)
Go to show advanced properties and in the “Type” field choose String. Your settings should be like this:
21) Hit the OK button to close the Expression Editor window. Hit F5 to run your application. In the textbox type
“Oakland” and hit the button control. See the filtered results. That
is all!!!! We did that without writing a single line of code.
If you need the source code for this example, just leave a comment and I will email it to you as soon as possible.