10 EA pitfalls that a real EA implementation might
experience
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Doing EA just for the sake of EA:
Enterprise architecture is a mean to reach a goal. If
you don’t know what is your goal and how you'll use
enterprise architecture to reach this goal, you fall
into the most common and painful pitfall. There should
be at least one goal; like to reduce IT cost, better
planning and executing of IT, dealing with compliance
requirements or even migrating legacy applications to
new platform. If you cant provide clear goals and
explain how EA is serving you, you're doing enterprise
architecture for the sake of enterprise architecture.
Regretfully doing EA for the sake of EA will bring your
initiative to complete failure.
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Weak political skills of EA lead: I
once wanted to write an article about "The election of
new enterprise architecture" :-), I might do it in the
future. Doing enterprise architecture is usually
involved in many changes that enterprises need to go
through. Changes from any types are not easy to digest
by employees. In order to introduce and implement a
change one need to be a real political animal to survive
in the jungle and make the jungle a better place. If the
enterprise architecture team leader is missing political
skills, the project is also doomed to be failed.
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No measuring and selling of EA: as any
thing else that we are doing in life we need to make
sure that other people understand the importance and
contribution of enterprise architecture to the
enterprise. It's not enough that we as a team are very
happy and the CIO is happy as well. We need the entire
enterprise to understand what is our contribution. To
sell our enterprise architecture work we need to put
some efforts in collecting data and measuring what is
the enterprise architecture contribution. For example if
we were after IT cost reduction as a goal, we want to
show how much money on time scale we managed to save to
the enterprise and how much money we'll save in the
future.
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Lack of short term outcomes : long
enterprise architecture projects without any
deliverables tend to fail as well. The scenario is
pretty known. We got a charter to start EA work and we
were told that we have a year to do our work and show
what we've done. But funny enough, the same guy that
told us to work for a year will loose his patience if he
won't show any deliverables after three months. So if
the scenario is known why not to prevent it. Simply plan
for deliverables every three months and reduce pressure
from you.
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Not enough involvement in SDLC:
creating to-be architecture together with principles,
standards and blueprints is huge step forward, but
without making sure that what you set will be done in
reality (to some degree) you simply will lost it all (or
it will be equivalant to the chiness great leap
forward). In order to make sure that you will affect IT
landscape you need to be fully involve in running
projects. When I say involvement I don't mean formal
reviews as part of the SDLC. What needed here is actual
participant in SDLC. You should be with the working
teams to know when EA principles clashing with project
needs and timelines to be able to influence. Finding
that a project is not compliance at all to enterprise
architecture when formal code review is done, is too
late. If the project approved by clients it will be
deployed no matter if it compliance to EA or not.
-
Missing focus on Information: there
are two main types of focus while doing EA project. It
can be business focus or Application/Technology focus.
Few EA initiative that I know are focus on information.
Whether you like it or not information is the bridge
between business and IT. Business can't perform business
processes without information (as input/output to each
processes task) and IT helps to manage Information and
manage processes. Most of the basic problems that I
found in enterprises have roots in Information
management. If Information isn't manage correctly I bet
that you'll find problems in business processes as well
as in application domain. Focusing on information will
not make your EA success or failure, but it will
certainly helps you to achieve success.
-
Buried under business processes:
people tend to think that modeling all enterprise
processes is a good practice. It might be right, but
they forget about much more difficult task, which
is keeping business processes up to date. I found out
that using
business capabilities
mapping (just what, not how) I have enough data to do my
work. Usually I found myself modeling high level
business processes, but I never end up with detailed
modeling of all business processes.
-
Missing PMO / Finance control:
getting CEO/CIO or any executive support is nice but not
enough. If you want your enterprise architecture to be
successful you got to have teeth that can bite. If you
don't have teeth you'll find yourself spending a lot of
time to get the same thing that you can get much more
easily with teeth. The most powerful set of teeth that I
know is your ability to control financial or PMO duties.
So if you don’t have any PMO/Financial control, try to
get them ASAP.
-
Wrong location in hierarchy: never
underestimate your group location in the enterprise
hierarchy. People might say that it doesn't make any
different, but there is a huge different if your team
directly under the CEO/CIO or the team reports to
director which reports to a VP that reports to a VP and
the VP reports to the CIO. Again support is not enough
, your location in the hierarchy does matter.
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Spending time on frameworks: well, I
make my living from creating frameworks for enterprises,
but I believe that it's a waste of time. Don't waste
months to create a framework based on TOGAF, Zachman,
FEAF or any other framework. Find a pain-point and use
your common sense (or consultant experience) to resolve
the pain-point using enterprise architecture. Don't
worry you'll build your EA framework one way or another,
just following my approach you'll get success and credit
that are needed as well.